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However, commercial preparations and cooked berries do not contain cyanide, so there are no reports of fatalities from eating these. Symptoms of eating uncooked berries, leaves, bark, or roots of the elderberry include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea ( 2).
Test-tube and animal studies note that elderberries provide many anti-inflammatory compounds ( 1, 2).Historically, the flowers and leaves have been used for pain relief, swelling, inflammation, stimulating the production of urine, and inducing sweating. The bark was used as a diuretic, a laxative, and to induce vomiting ( 1). Picon PD, Picon RV, Costa AF, et al. Randomized clinical trial of a phytotherapic compound containing Pimpinella anisum, Foeniculum vulgare, Sambucus nigra, and Cassia augustifolia for chronic constipation. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2010;10:17. View abstract.
You can store them in the freezer (in an air-tight container put inside a freezer bag). Then take out enough for the week to thaw in the fridge. They will keep in the freezer up to 12 months. Viapiana A, Wesolowski M. The phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of infusions of Sambucus nigra L. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2017;72(1):82-7. View abstract. In a 2019 study on elderberry for cold and flu, elderberry appeared to reduce the duration of upper airway symptoms caused by the flu when taken at the onset of symptoms. One cup (145 grams) of fresh berries contain 106 calories, 26.7 grams of carbs, and less than 1 gram each of fat and protein ( 3). Ulbricht C, Basch E, Cheung L, et al. An evidence-based systematic review of elderberry and elderflower ( Sambucus nigra) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. J Diet Suppl. 2014;11(1):80-120. doi:10.3109/19390211.2013.859852Patients had two or more of the following symptoms: body aches, chills, cough, fatigue, headaches, nasal congestion or sore throat. They were evaluated in an emergency room setting where they were randomly assigned to receive elderberry extract or a placebo for 5 days. They had the option to take the antiviral drug oseltamivir (Tamiflu)as well. Studies have shown elderberry juice may reduce the level of fat in the blood and decrease cholesterol. In addition, a diet high in flavonoids like anthocyanins has been found to reduce the risk of heart disease ( 17, 22). Many elderberry gummies also provide other nutrients or herbal extracts that are regularly used for immune support, such as vitamin C, echinacea, and zinc. Summary Sidor A, Gramza-Michalowska A. Advanced research on the antioxidant and health benefit of elderberry ( Sambucus nigra) in food – a review. J Funct Foods. 2015;18(B):941-958. doi:10.1016/j.jff.2014.07.012 Ho GTT, Kase ET, Wangensteen H, Barsett H. Phenolic elderberry extracts, anthocyanins, procyanidins, and metabolites influence glucose and fatty acid uptake in human skeletal muscle cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2017;65(13):2677-2685. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05582
The elderberry extract found in elderberry gummies comes from these berries. Care must be taken to only ingest cooked elderberries as raw elderberries (including the leaves or any other parts of the plant) are poisonous. Benefits The CDC estimates that the flu was associated with more than 35.5 million illnesses, more than 16.5 million medical visits, around 490,600 hospitalizations and close to 34,200 deaths during the 2018–2019 influenza season.
Therefore, products like syrups, juices, teas, and jams may have reduced benefits compared to some results seen in laboratory studies ( 16). Summary One study showed that depending on the method used to measure anthocyanins, a supplement could claim to contain 762 mg/L but really only contain 4 mg/L. Therefore, determining the effects of currently available products may be difficult ( 17). Summary
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