Amazon Basics USB 2.0 A-Male to Micro B Cable, 3 feet, Black

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Connector properties [ edit ] Non-standard "USB extension cable", plug on the left, receptacle on the right. (USB does not allow extension cables. Non-standard cables may work but cannot be presumed reliable.) The OTG device with the A-plug inserted is called the A-device and is responsible for powering the USB interface when required, and by default assumes the role of host. The OTG device with the B-plug inserted is called the B-device and by default assumes the role of peripheral. An OTG device with no plug inserted defaults to acting as a B-device. If an application on the B-device requires the role of host, then the Host Negotiation Protocol (HNP) is used to temporarily transfer the host role to the B-device. USB Type-A: This is the most common USB connector and is rectangular in shape. It is used for connecting devices like computers, laptops, power adapters, and USB hubs. The USB Power Delivery specification revision3.0 defines an optional Programmable Power Supply (PPS) protocol that allows granular control over V BUS power, allowing a range of 3.3 to 21 V in 20mV steps to facilitate constant-current or constant-voltage charging. Revision 3.0 also adds extended configuration messages and fast role swap and deprecates the BFSK protocol. [57] [68] [69] The Certified USB Fast Charger logo for USB Type-C charging ports Agreement on Mobile phone Standard Charger" (Press release). GSM World. Archived from the original on 17 February 2009.

USB ports and connectors are often color-coded to distinguish their different functions and USB versions. These colors are not part of the USB specification and can vary between manufacturers; for example, the USB3.0 specification mandates appropriate color-coding while it only recommends blue inserts for Standard-A USB3.0 connectors and plugs. [8] Connector types [ edit ] USB4 particularly supports the tunneling of the Thunderbolt 3 protocols, namely PCI Express (PCIe, load/store interface) and DisplayPort (display interface). USB4 also adds host-to-host interfaces. [2] In September 2007, the Open Mobile Terminal Platform group (a forum of mobile network operators and manufacturers such as Nokia, Samsung, Motorola, Sony Ericsson, and LG) announced that its members had agreed on Micro-USB as the future common connector for mobile devices. [86] [87] Because use of the USB logo is only permitted after compliance testing, the user can have confidence that a USB device will work as expected without extensive interaction with settings and configuration. The USB interface is hot-swappable (devices can be exchanged without shutting the host computer down).The USB Power Delivery specification revision2.0 (USB PD Rev. 2.0) has been released as part of the USB3.1 suite. [56] [64] [65] It covers the USB-C cable and connector with a separate configuration channel, which now hosts a DC coupled low-frequency BMC-coded data channel that reduces the possibilities for RF interference. [66] Power Delivery protocols have been updated to facilitate USB-C features such as cable ID function, Alternate Mode negotiation, increased V BUS currents, and V CONN-powered accessories. Nice Micro-USB adapter Apple, now sell it everywhere", Giga om, 5 October 2011, archived from the original on 26 August 2012 Several manufacturers offer external portable USB hard disk drives, or empty enclosures for disk drives. These offer performance comparable to internal drives, limited by the number and types of attached USB devices, and by the upper limit of the USB interface. Other competing standards for external drive connectivity include eSATA, ExpressCard, FireWire (IEEE 1394), and most recently Thunderbolt. Per the base specification, any device attached to a standard downstream port (SDP) must initially be a low-power device, with high-power mode contingent on later USB configuration by the host. Charging ports, however, can immediately supply between 0.5 and 1.5A of current. The charging port must not apply current limiting below 0.5A, and must not shut down below 1.5A or before the voltage drops to 2V. [50] Commission welcomes new EU standards for common mobile phone charger". Press Releases. Europa. December 29, 2010. Archived from the original on March 19, 2011 . Retrieved May 22, 2011.

Part 2 - Electrical". MQP Electronics. Archived from the original on December 24, 2014 . Retrieved December 29, 2014.USB2.0 was released in April 2000, adding a higher maximum signaling rate of 480Mbit/s (maximum theoretical data throughput 53MByte/s [25]) named High Speed or High Bandwidth, in addition to the USB1. x Full Speed signaling rate of 12Mbit/s (maximum theoretical data throughput 1.2MByte/s [26]). External Hard Drives: Some external hard drives feature USB Type B connectors to establish a high-speed connection with computers for data storage and retrieval. The D± signals used by low, full, and high speed are carried over a twisted pair (typically unshielded) to reduce noise and crosstalk. SuperSpeed uses separate transmit and receive differential pairs, which additionally require shielding (typically, shielded twisted pair but twinax is also mentioned by the specification). Thus, to support SuperSpeed data transmission, cables contain twice as many wires and are larger in diameter. [34] The GSM Association (GSMA) followed suit on February 17, 2009, [88] [89] [90] [91] and on April 22, 2009, this was further endorsed by the CTIA – The Wireless Association, [92] with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) announcing on October 22, 2009, that it had also embraced the Universal Charging Solution as its "energy-efficient one-charger-fits-all new mobile phone solution," and added: "Based on the Micro-USB interface, UCS chargers will also include a 4-star or higher efficiency rating—up to three times more energy-efficient than an unrated charger." [93] EU smartphone power supply standard [ edit ]

The PCI Express function of USB4 replicates the functionality of previous versions of the Thunderbolt specification. The different A and B plugs prevent accidentally connecting two power sources. However, some of this directed topology is lost with the advent of multi-purpose USB connections (such as USB On-The-Go in smartphones, and USB-powered Wi-Fi routers), which require A-to-A, B-to-B, and sometimes Y/splitter cables. See the USB On-The-Go connectors section below for a more detailed summary description. Oppo Super VOOC Flash Charge, are also known as Dash Charge or Warp Charge on OnePlus devices and Dart Charge on Realme devices As of 14June2007 [update], all new mobile phones applying for a license in China are required to use a USB port as a power port for battery charging. [83] [84] This was the first standard to use the convention of shorting D+ and D− in the charger. [85] OMTP/GSMA Universal Charging Solution [ edit ]The intent is to permit uniformly charging laptops, tablets, USB-powered disks and similarly higher-power consumer electronics, as a natural extension of existing European and Chinese mobile telephone charging standards. This may also affect the way electric power used for small devices is transmitted and used in both residential and public buildings. [61] [62] The standard is designed to coexist with the previous USB Battery Charging specification. [63] Devices that draw more than one unit are high-power devices (such as typical 2.5-inch One size-fits-all mobile phone charger: IEC publishes first globally relevant standard". International Electrotechnical Commission. February 1, 2011. Archived from the original on January 3, 2012 . Retrieved February 20, 2012. Waters, Deric (July 14, 2016). "USB Power Delivery 2.0 vs 3.0". E2E.TI.com. Archived from the original on July 30, 2017 . Retrieved July 30, 2017.

Neither USB 1.0 nor 1.1 specified a design for any connector smaller than the standard type A or type B. Though many designs for a miniaturized type B connector appeared on many peripherals, conformity to the USB1. x standard was hampered by treating peripherals that had miniature connectors as though they had a tethered connection (that is: no plug or receptacle at the peripheral end). There was no known miniature type A connector until USB2.0 (revision 1.01) introduced one. Charging Devices: USB cables are commonly used for charging devices like smartphones, tablets, smartwatches, Bluetooth speakers, and other portable electronics.a b "Deprecation of the Mini-A and Mini-AB Connectors" (PDF) (Press release). USB Implementers Forum. 27 May 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2009 . Retrieved 13 January 2009. Micro-USB was embraced as the "Universal Charging Solution" by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in October 2009. [18] Programming and Debugging: USB cables are essential for programming and debugging certain electronic devices. There are so-called cables with A plugs on both ends, which may be valid if the "cable" includes, for example, a USB host-to-host transfer device with two ports. [3] This is, by definition, a device with two logical B ports, each with a captive cable, not a cable with two A ends. Many USB bridge / data transfer cables are still USB 2.0, but there are also a number of USB 3.0 transfer cables. Despite USB 3.0 being 10 times faster than USB 2.0, USB 3.0 transfer cables are only 2 - 3 times faster given their design. [ clarification needed]