One Step 50 x Vet Pet Urine Test Strips - Veterinary Animal - Cats - Dogs

Product Information

When choosing your answer, remember to distinguish between observations and interpretations, and to consider the best answer in terms of probabilities rather than possibilities. False positive reactions can occur due to traces of detergents containing peroxide or other interfering compounds. The following values were determined in the case of pets: dogs 1.001-1.065; cats 1.001-1.080; rabbits 1.003-1.035; guinea pigs: 1.000-1.040.

c. Absence of significant numbers of white cells eliminates the likelihood of an inflammatory response.

Interpretation of Urine Test Strip Results

Once these levels are measured, the urine specimen is placed into a centrifuge and spun down to allow cells and other debris to accumulate at the bottom of the sample tube. That debris can then be evaluated under magnification, and this examination can reveal the presence of red blood cells, white blood cells, bacteria, and crystals. However, this test is influenced by the pH of the urine, and, due to the presence of cauxin in feline urine, false–positive reactions are common, especially in mature cats. After preparation of the urine sediment slide (see How to Prepare Urine for Microscopic Examination), microscopic examination of the sediment is performed with the sub-stage condenser of the microscope lowered. to 1 mg urobilinogen/dl urine can be shown. The colour comparison fields correspond to the following values: norm. (normal), 2,4,8,12 mg/dL, respectively, norm. (normal), 35, 70, 140, 200 μmol/l.

A ketoacidosis can also be caused through ß-hydroxy butyrate, which however, is not determined by the test strip. High concentrations of phenyl ketones interfere, altering the colour reaction. Phthalein compounds produce red colour tones on the test field. Urine pH is a measure of how acidic or alkaline the urine is. The pH can change with diet, but can also signal the presence of infection or metabolic disease. Normal urine in cats and dogs ranges from mildly acidic to mildly alkaline. Extremes in urine pH beyond this range are more likely to be associated with disease. Dog urinalysis normal values differ from cats and other animals. By testing ten common urine parameters, a lot can be learned about your pet's health.b. Bilirubinuria of this magnitude is usually associated with hepatocellular or obstructive liver diseases. A urinalysis is a simple test to assess your pet’s overall urinary tract (kidneys and bladder) health and insight on your pet’s glucose regulation and liver function. As a proactive healthcare advisor, the veterinarians at Animal Medical Center of Chicago recommend a yearly urinalysis on all pets eight years of age or older. If your pet has increased water intake, increased frequency in urination, pain on urination, or visible blood in the urine, then a urinalysis is indicated. While USG in animals can have a broad normal range, USG is typically between 1.015 to 1.045 in healthy hydrated dogs and 1.035 to 1.060 in cats. USG consistently below this range may indicate underlying medical conditions such as diabetes insipidus, kidney disease, or overhydration. On the other hand, a specific gravity that is consistently above this range may indicate dehydration, kidney disease, or other conditions that cause the body to retain fluids. Ketones The test determines values from 0,5 to 1 mg/dl urine. The colour fields correspond to the following concentrations of bilirubin: 0 (negative), 1(+), 2(++), 4(+++) mg/dL, respectively, 0 (negative), 17(+), 35(++), 70(+++) μmol/l. d. Proteinuria of this magnitude is not indicative of significant alteration of glomerular capillary permeability.

The best urine sample to be evaluated is a sterile or “clean” sample. In human medicine they frequently supply you with sterile wipes to clean your genitalia and advise you to collect a midstream urine sample. This is a fair quality sample but it is the simplest and least invasive collection method. In veterinary medicine, we have the advantage of our patient’s willingness to cooperate for a cystocentesis. This is a diagnostic procedure where we place a small needle attached to a syringe directly into the lumen of the bladder and collect a urine sample. This method avoids contamination of the urine with debris from your pet’s genitalia. This urine collection technique is sterile and relatively pain-free. The uPr:Cr eliminates the need to collect a 24-hour urine sample and is not influenced by time of collection or gender; thus, a random, free-catch urine sample is sufficient. Pathologic glucose concentrations are shown by a colour change from green to blue-green. Yellow to light green test field reactions should be classified negative (normal). The colour fields correspond to the following glucose concentrations: neg. (yellow), neg., respectively, normal (yellow-green), 50, 150, 500 and ≥ 1000 mg/dL, respectively, neg. (yellow), neg. respectively, normal (yellow-green), 2,8, 8,3, 27,8, and ≥ 55,5 mmol/l. Ketones: Ketones are abnormal byproducts produced by your pet’s cells when they do not have an adequate energy source. If your pet tests positive for ketones in its urine, a medical work up for Diabetes Mellitus will be performed. Ketones: There should be no ketones in your dog’s urine. If there are, it typically means your dog is burning stored fat for energy instead of glucose. This is common for pets who refuse to eat or have diabetes.One of the first symptoms of a UTI in your pet may be that he or she has had a few “accidents” around the house. If you notice this, then it’s a good idea to observe for other symptoms of a UTI. These can be any of the following:• Pinkish stains where your dog has urinated due to blood in the urine Factors influencing numbers of casts, white cells, red blood cells or crystals in urine sediment of dogs and cats It is strongly advised that the urine sample be analyzed within 60 min of the collection as it is an unpredictably unstable biological fluid [ 8, 9]. Environment can rapidly alter the urine with variable artifacts after collection. Therefore, it is recommended that urine samples be examined as soon as possible following collection [ 15]. Renal tubule cellsare typically small, but distinguishing them from WBCs or small transitional cells may not be possible. Increased numbers of small epithelial cells should prompt evaluation of an air-dried, stained cytology preparation to distinguish WBCs and/or transitional cells from renal tubule cells. Sloughing of renal tubule cells indicates renal tubule damage.

Urine tests can identify kidney infections that can cause far-reaching damage to these vital organs, leading to kidney scarring, stone formation, hypertension (high blood pressure), and kidney failure. Early, effective treatment is crucial [4]. The gold standard to diagnose a UTI is a urine culture, in which the laboratory grows the bacteria present in the urine so it can be identified and treated correctly [3]. Glomerular proteinuria typically causes significant loss of albumin from the body; if severe, many animals demonstrate visible edema, particularly limb edema, or abdominal distension caused by free fluid accumulation. TIP: Evaluate test results in conjunction with evaluation of urine sediment and other clinical findings. Test strip protein pads are more sensitive to albumin compared to globulins, hemoglobin, Bence-Jones proteins, and mucoproteins. Transparency: In most cases fresh urine is clear. Turbidity can be caused by the presence of mucous, pus, blood, epithelia or bacteria.The urinalysis should be treated as a critical part of the diagnostic research for ill patients but also as an essential part of the overall wellness exam and should be carried out irrespective of the patient’s age or overall health status. Midstream sample. A urine sample is collected in a sterile container as your pet urinates. It helps if you've trained your pet to urinate at a particular place or on cue. This method requires patience and can easily become contaminated. However, it is pain-free for the pet and does not require a vet's assistance. Through the use of test-it MultiRes 10 VET the urine status can be evaluated. With the test strip a semi-quantitative determination of blood parameters, urobilinogen, bilirubin, protein, nitrite, ketone, glucose, pH-value, density and leukocytes in the urine of small animals is possible. Attention should be paid to the characteristics described in connection with the individual parameters. Tatiana Cromwell is a highly experienced and skilled medical writer with a degree in psychology. With over 20 years of experience in the field, she has a deep understanding of medical terminology and the intricacies of the healthcare industry. Smell: The smell of fresh urine is specific to each animal race. A sharp ammoniac smell, however, indicates a bacterial infection.