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This guide explains what you need to do when some or all plant health controls start to apply to your consignments. Horticultural inspectors are continuing to assess fruit and vegetables travelling in transit from non-EU countries through the EU to Great Britain to: Between April and October drought conditions are more likely, suggesting that a changing climate will affect water availability during the UK’s main crop growing season. Guidance updated to show change in rules from 1 January 2022 for imports from the Republic of Ireland to Great Britain

HMI or SASA may inspect a small sample of goods from countries with GB AIS status to make sure they comply with the quality and labelling rules. Defra currently supports a long-term research platform for the genetic improvement of arable crops and fresh produce. These Genetic Improvement Networks ( GINs) aim to improve the productivity, sustainability, resilience, and nutritional quality of UK crops, including wheat, oilseed rape, leafy vegetables, and pulses. This includes significant research to enhance resilience to climate change risks such as drought and heat stress. Overall resilience is supported by trading with a variety of external partners and the UK imports and exports flexibly as production and prices dictate. Trends Non-EU countries with AIS status can issue a certificate of conformity to show that the product meets the SMS. The product must originate from the country issuing the certificate. Since 1 January 2022, the following regulated and notifiable goods imported from the EU (except the Republic of Ireland) have been required to go through some plant health controls: Longer growing seasons and warmer temperatures may have some positive effects for particular crops and regions, but overall risk magnitude is assessed to increase from medium at present to high in future. Increased climate exposure (including heat stress, drought risk, and wetness-related risks) is modifying productive capacity and will continue to do so in future in line with the degrees of warming experienced. The severity of risk to agriculture from climate change could further increase if mitigation efforts are ineffective in preventing non-linear threshold effects and ‘tipping points’ in global systems.

Australia's key agricultural products

It is also important to consider greenhouse gases in a global context to ensure the UK does not export emissions (and other environmental harms) to other parts of the world by replacing domestic production with imports from more environmentally damaging systems. phytosanitary certificates – documents issued in the country of origin that prove the consignment is biosecure If you do not give enough pre-notification notice, your consignment may be held until the requirement is met. It could also result in your consignment being destroyed.

In 2023, the PEACH system will be changing to a new IT system called the import of products, animals, food and feed system ( IPAFFS).The weight of pesticides used reduced from 1990 to 2010, largely down to declines in the use of sulphuric acid as a desiccant on potatoes. Since 2010 it has gradually increased, but the weight applied remains lower than pre-2010 levels. Since 1998, when the relevant data collection began, the frequency of pesticide application and the number of active substances applied has increased. For arable crops the average number of spray rounds has increased from 4.8 in 2000 to 6.2 in 2018, with the average number of active substances applied rising from 11.6 to 16.7 over the same period. This translates into increases in the total area treated (which represents the area multiplied by number of treatments made). This is partly driven by greater use of mixtures of products in spray tanks to overcome challenges around resistance. Origin of fresh fruit consumption is more diverse, with 97% by volume from the UK, EU, South America, North America, and Africa. This reflects UK consumer demand for tropical and out-of-season fruit which cannot be sourced domestically or from Europe. UK production to consumption has increased a little since 2009 but remains low. Trends The UK imports roughly 50% of its ammonium nitrate, with 75% of imports for fertiliser use coming from the EU (primarily from Lithuania, Poland, and the Netherlands) and the remaining 25% from Georgia and Russia. If the only UK manufacturer were to close, demand for imports would increase. Dependency on other suppliers like Russia or China is only likely to occur if EU suppliers could not increase their supply to the UK. There are also alternative nitrogen-based fertilisers that could potentially be used. More than 90% of the UK’s total Calcium Ammonium Nitrate and Urea Ammonium Nitrate supply is imported from the EU, while only about 40% of Urea arrives from the EU. Urea imports from outside the EU are currently sourced from Algeria, Russia, and Egypt, with supplies also coming from Belarus and Bahrain. Importing ammonium nitrate requires specialist port facilities due to its explosive nature, so an issue at a major port could be challenging (see further discussion of port substitutability in Theme 3).

Some goods are prohibited from entering Great Britain from non- EU countries and from EU countries, if they can’t meet the import requirements for scientifically justified reasons. If both of these conditions apply to your consignment of GMS products, you may need to submit a PEACH application requesting a certificate of conformity for GMS goods. You should follow the import procedures for GMS goods. It doesn’t necessarily have to include travelling abroad. A simple visit to a petting zoo or local farm definitely counts as agritourism! Types of agritourism Overreliance on one geographical area and dependence on particular supply sources makes food supply more vulnerable, while diversity of sources makes it more resilient. UK consumer preferences and diets include a range of products that cannot be grown in the UK or cannot be grown year-round. Therefore, the UK does not produce everything it eats or eat everything it produces. Seafish, ‘Market insight reports’, https://www.seafish.org/insight-and-research/foodservice-data-and-insight/. ↩Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) has adopted a phased approach to plant health controls for plants and plant products imported from the European Union ( EU). This phased approach started in January 2021. In 2020, 11.9 million tonnes of wheat, barley, and oats were used as animal feed, 5.9 million tonnes of wheat and 0.6 million tonnes of oats were milled, while 1.6 million tonnes of barley went into brewing and distilling, and about 0.5 million tonnes of these three grains were used for seed. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, ‘Diffuse pollution of water by agriculture’ https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/POST-PN-478/POST-PN-478.pdf. ↩