Is the Bible from Heaven? Is the Earth a Globe?: Annotated: Includes Updated Flat Earth Resources

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The Flammarion engraving appeared on the cover of Daniel J. Boorstin's bestselling history of science The Discoverers, published in 1983. Other books devoted to science that used it as an illustration include The Mathematical Experience (1981) by Philip J. Davis and Reuben Hersh, Matter, Space, and Motion: Theories in Antiquity and Their Sequel (1988) by Richard Sorabji, Paradoxes of Free Will (2002) by Gunther Stent, and Uncentering the Earth: Copernicus and On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (2006) by William T. Vollmann. Some books devoted to mysticism which have also used the engraving include Love and Law (2001) by Ernest Holmes and Gnosticism: New Light on the Ancient Tradition of Inner Knowing (2002) by Stephan A. Hoeller. Parallax (Samuel Birley Rowbotham) (1881). Zetetic Astronomy: Earth Not a Globe (Thirded.). London: Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. The ancient Norse and Germanic peoples believed in a flat-Earth cosmography with the Earth surrounded by an ocean, with the axis mundi, a world tree ( Yggdrasil), or pillar ( Irminsul) in the centre. [44] [45] In the world-encircling ocean sat a snake called Jormungandr. [46] The Norse creation account preserved in Gylfaginning (VIII) states that during the creation of the Earth, an impassable sea was placed around it: [47]

Rosweyde, Heribert; Migne, Jacques-Paul (1860). De Vitis Patrum Liber Primus. Paris. p.415. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link) Scott, Eugenie (1997). "Antievolution and Creationism in the United States" (PDF). Annual Review of Anthropology. 26: 263–289. doi: 10.1146/annurev.anthro.26.1.263. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 June 2012 . Retrieved 8 December 2011. The 1995 book O Jardim das Aflições, by Olavo de Carvalho, reproduces the engraving as an example of Renaissance views on the spiritual world, which it criticizes: "the pilgrim evades the mundane 'sphere', abandoning trees and flowers, Sun and Moon, birds and stars, to penetrate the marvelous kingdom of the spirit, which consists of some miserable gear wheels hidden among cloud wisps. Beautiful exchange!" [19] 2010s [ edit ]

From "Cosmos" to evidence of Big Bang, it's been a tricky time for biblical literalists. Here's why it'll get worse

The Tolkien scholar Janet Brennan Croft states in Mythlore that the races of Middle-earth, Hobbits, Men, Elves, and Dwarves, are all in no doubt at all that there is "a literal cosmological battle between Good and Evil", all expecting a "final cataclysmic battle". Readers may, she writes, consider interpreting the Ainulindalë metaphorically, so that Melkor's attempts to destroy Arda, "raising the valleys, throwing down the mountains, spilling the seas—could be read as a symbolic representation of geological forces", but there is no suggestion of this in the text. [29] See also [ edit ]

Fantasy fiction [ change | change source ] An old map of the world made in Amsterdam in 1689 The spherical Earth seen from Apollo 17, disproves the flat Earth model. The Flat Earth Society believes that images like these have been edited by NASA as part of a conspiracy. Humphries, Courtney (28 October 2017). "What does it take to believe the world is flat?". The Boston Globe. a b c d e f g Manning, Jim; Taylor Planetarium (2003). "Elvish Star Lore" (PDF). The Planetarian (14). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2016.

a b Wolchover, Natalie (30 May 2017). "Are Flat-Earthers Being Serious?". Live Science. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021 . Retrieved 17 January 2019. Donald E. Simanek. "The Flat Earth". Lhup.edu. Archived from the original on 28 January 2013 . Retrieved 9 February 2013. The Void ( Kúma, the Outer Dark) is the nothingness outside Arda. From Arda, it is accessible through the Doors of Night. The Valar exiled Melkor to the Void after his defeat in the War of Wrath. Legend foretells that Melkor will return to Arda just before the apocalyptic battle of Dagor Dagorath. The void is not to be confused with the state of non-being that preceded the creation of Eä. [T 18]